【李存山】漢初甜心寶貝一包養網的尊儒——從陸賈到董仲舒

Abstract:There are differences in the political system between Qin and Han, but in the country, they are all inferior. There is a serious civilization transformation in the form of consciousness, that is, the Qin Dynasty’s “taking law as the teachings and officials as the teachers” turned into the Han Dynasty’s “performing benevolence and predecessor of the sages”, and even Emperor Wu of Han “demolished all schools of thought and presented the six chapters”. During this transformation, the first Chinese God in the early days actually made its first achievements, and the one who continued it was God. By the time Dong Zhongshu could have realized the great success of this transformation. The idea of ​​”respecting Confucianism without abolishing all schools of thought” reflected the inclusion of Confucianism in the early Han Dynasty when integrating with the Qin and Han ruling system. The idea of ​​this was reasonable, and the subsequent Jade and Dong Zhongshu did not prevent such a thinking direction.

The description is carried out. Keywords:Han inherited the Qin system; Han was respected by Confucianism at the beginning; Dong Zhongshu; Yuan Zai; Jai

The Qing Dynasty historian Zhao Yi said, “The Qin and Han were the first night of Liuhe’s change” (Volume 2 of “Twenty-Two Historical Notes”). This “change situation” is the “three generations of Hou Shiqing” before Qin, and the transition from the transition from the war in the country during the reign of the country, it turned into the “a situation where civilians will be the ministers” after Qin. The reason for this change in the official system is that the political system in Chinese history has changed from the “seal system of sealed and monarchy” before Qin to the “county county system” where monarchs were collectively owned by the monarchs after Qin. This transformation is as if Ban Biao from the two Han Dynasties said: “The vastness of Zhou is different from Han Dynasties… Han inherited the Qin system and changed the county to establish a county. The lord had the power of his own, but his ministers had no handle for a hundred years.” (“Later Han Book·Ban Biao’s Protest”)

The so-called “Han inherited the Qin system” was that the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin Dynasty’s monarchy’s collective power system. Although there is a sequel to the political system, there is a serious civilized transformation between Qin and Han in terms of the state’s consciousness. This is the Qin Dynasty’s “taking law as teachings and officials as teachers”, which turned into the Han Dynasty’s “performing benevolence and righteousness, and the law as sages” and even Emperor Wu of Han”Zhuo Ran demoted all schools of thought and wrote the six chapters” (“Han Book: Emperor Wu”). During this transformation, the first generation of the Chinese Jade in the early days was Jade. The one who continued it was Jade. When he went to the professor, he owned many technology companies. Teacher Ye achieved the great success of this transformation. Dong Zhongshu was unable to achieve the success of this transformation.

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“Historical Records·Ruoji” records: “The Shuoji is a native of Chu. He was named a polite and a polite lord, and he was often sent to the marquis.” The “guest” here, Wang Liqi, the teacher, believed that “its components are between teachers and friends, and there is only the relationship between the host and the guest, and there is no distinction between the monarch and the subject.” “The Shuoji people were Confucians who acted as Confucians, this was the remnant of the war’s warriors”[1]4-5. Zhuji is a Confucian scholar who learned “the selves are from Xunzi”博博博博博博. “I am suitable for Xunqing, because I have a family in Lanling.Baoqing’s love wifeThe people of Chu were kind to each other at the same time as Fuqiu, so I had a good relationship with each other and private friendship. This is what I expected”[1]8. The reign of Emperor Gaozu of the reign of the whole country, and the reign of Liubang was before the reign of the whole country. “Historical Records: Emperor Gaozu’s Birth”: “When Zhao Gao had killed two generations, he sent people to come, wanting to divide the king’s responsibilities. Pei Gong thought it was a pity, so he used Zhang Liang’s plan to make Qingsheng and Luji go to talk about Qin’s turmoil, and failed to benefit, so he attacked Wugui and defeated it.” From this we can see that Luji had followed Liu Bang before the fall of Qin. In addition, “Historical Records: The Bible” said that when the conflict between Chu and Han confronted Khan in Khan, King Han “sends King Ji to tell King Taigong and ask Taigong.” Although I could not convince You Yu and Liu Bang’s parents and wife this time, Ruo Chen went to Nanyue to envoy him and successfully convinced the King of Nanyue that “the ministers were admitted to Han” and “who was very proud of Emperor Gaozu’s revenge and was appointed as the middle-aged man of Tai” (“History of History·Ruo Chen”). He also wrote “Historical Records: Nanyue Reprints”: “In the 11th year of Han, he sent Zhiji to become the King of Nanyue.” Because of the victory of this mission, Zhiji began to become a “client” and become a “Taizhong Dafu”. After that, “Historical Records: The Legend of the Condor Heroes” recorded:

When he was a student, he said it before “Pen” and “Book”. Emperor Gao confided him and said, “Then you get it immediately. How can you do “Pen” and “Book”!” The student said, “You get it immediately. Can you manage it immediately? Moreover, Tang Wu took it against you and guard it, and used both civil and military affairs. It was a long-term practice. In the past, King Fuchai and Zhibo of Wu died; Qin’s criminal law did not change, and he finally defeated the clan. The county (result) made Qin merge into the whole country, practice benevolent and sage, and the law was in the past. How could Your Majesty get it?” Emperor Gao was not worried and looked up to the student, so he said, “I tried to get it because I was able to get it. What is the country that I had achieved in ancient times.” The student briefly described the signs of life and death, and wrote twelve chapters. Every time I write an article, Emperor Gao is not good at not being good, and he calls him thousands of years old.The book is called “News”.

From the “time” and “books” recorded in this paragraph, Liu Bian had said that Liu Bang respected Confucianism twice, but when Liu Bang said that “it was obtained immediately by the public residence and was safe and safe, the “books”” was not out of time, and the great reason for the “books” and “books” were not established. After Liu Bang heard this, he was “unrelenting but sarcastic”, and the words that told him that the Shuji touched his heart, so he made the Shuji write a book, explaining the historical experience and teaching of “The Qin Dynasty was destroyed by the whole country, what did I get, and the ancient country that was defeated.” So he had Shuji’s “News”.

Regarding the thinking of “New Words” and the historical position of “The First Confucian in the Qin Dynasty – The First Confucian in the Qin Dynasty” he summarized it from four aspects, namely “1. The Han Dynasty valued Confucianism, and started from the Chinese students”, “2. Respecting Confucianism, not abolishing all schools of thought”, “3. The inner sage and external kings, and the heaven and man and nature are in harmony”, “4. The Han Dynasty’s historical learning and the beginning of the study and reign of history” [2]. This article does not make any multiple revisions about this, but only gives a brief reminder from the first and second aspects.

“Han Book: Gao Emperor” says: “The whole country has established, what kind of laws and regulations are required, the Korean military law, Zhang Rong decided the order, Shu Suntong made the gifts, and the “Newsword” was created.” Here, several serious measures completed by Han in the upper-level construction area were listed separately. Although “The New Words” is listed at the end, it has the most important and final meaning. Laws, military laws, charters, and courts can all be regarded as the construction of specific political system. These were also of “Han inherited t